CELL ENVELOPE
● Most `color{violet}"prokaryotic cells"`, particularly the bacterial cells, have a `color{violet}"chemically complex"` `color{Brown}"cell envelope"`.
● The cell envelope consists of a `color{violet}"tightly bound three layered structure"` i.e., the `color{Brown}"outermost glycocalyx"` followed by the `color{violet}"cell wall"` and then the `color{violet}"plasma membrane"`.
● Although `color{violet}"each layer of the envelope"` performs `color{violet}"distinct function"`, they act together as a `color{Brown}"single protective unit"`.
● `color{violet}"Bacteria"` can be classified into `color{violet}"two groups"` on the basis of the differences in the `color{violet}"cell envelopes"` and the manner in which they respond to the `color{violet}"staining procedure"` developed by `color{Brown}"Gram"` viz., those that take up the gram stain are `color{Brown}"Gram positive"` and the others that do not are called `color{Brown}"Gram negative bacteria"`.
`star` `color{Green}"Glycocalyx"`:
● `color{brown}"Glycocalyx"` differs in `color{violet}"composition and thickness"` among different bacteria.
● It could be a `color{violet}"loose sheath"` called the `color{Brown}"slime layer"` in some, while in others it may be `color{violet}"thick and tough"`, called the `color{Brown}"capsule"`.
`star` `color{Green}"Cell Wall:"`
● The `color{Brown}"cell wall"` determines the `color{Violet}"shape of the cell"` and provides a `color{Violet}"strong structural support"` to prevent the bacterium from `color{Violet}"bursting or collapsing"`.
`star` `color{Green}"Plasma Membrane:"`
● The `color{Brown}"plasma membrane"` is `color{Violet}"semi-permeable"` in nature and `color{Violet}"interacts"` with the outside world.
● This membrane is `color{Violet}"similar structurally"` to that of the `color{Violet}"eukaryotes"`.
● The cell envelope consists of a `color{violet}"tightly bound three layered structure"` i.e., the `color{Brown}"outermost glycocalyx"` followed by the `color{violet}"cell wall"` and then the `color{violet}"plasma membrane"`.
● Although `color{violet}"each layer of the envelope"` performs `color{violet}"distinct function"`, they act together as a `color{Brown}"single protective unit"`.
● `color{violet}"Bacteria"` can be classified into `color{violet}"two groups"` on the basis of the differences in the `color{violet}"cell envelopes"` and the manner in which they respond to the `color{violet}"staining procedure"` developed by `color{Brown}"Gram"` viz., those that take up the gram stain are `color{Brown}"Gram positive"` and the others that do not are called `color{Brown}"Gram negative bacteria"`.
`star` `color{Green}"Glycocalyx"`:
● `color{brown}"Glycocalyx"` differs in `color{violet}"composition and thickness"` among different bacteria.
● It could be a `color{violet}"loose sheath"` called the `color{Brown}"slime layer"` in some, while in others it may be `color{violet}"thick and tough"`, called the `color{Brown}"capsule"`.
`star` `color{Green}"Cell Wall:"`
● The `color{Brown}"cell wall"` determines the `color{Violet}"shape of the cell"` and provides a `color{Violet}"strong structural support"` to prevent the bacterium from `color{Violet}"bursting or collapsing"`.
`star` `color{Green}"Plasma Membrane:"`
● The `color{Brown}"plasma membrane"` is `color{Violet}"semi-permeable"` in nature and `color{Violet}"interacts"` with the outside world.
● This membrane is `color{Violet}"similar structurally"` to that of the `color{Violet}"eukaryotes"`.
